Step 1) Subtract color(red)(P)P from each side of the equation to isolate the rr term while keeping the equation balanced:
A - color(red)(P) = -color(red)(P) + P + PrtA−P=−P+P+Prt
A - P = 0 + PrtA−P=0+Prt
A - P = PrtA−P=Prt
Now, divide each side of the equation by color(red)(P)color(blue)(t)Pt to solve for rr while keeping the equation balanced:
(A - P)/(color(red)(P)color(blue)(t)) = (Prt)/(color(red)(P)color(blue)(t))A−PPt=PrtPt
(A - P)/(Pt) = (color(red)(cancel(color(black)(P)))rcolor(blue)(cancel(color(black)(t))))/(cancel(color(red)(P))cancel(color(blue)(t)))
(A - P)/(Pt) = r
r = (A - P)/(Pt)
Or
r = A/(Pt) - P/(Pt)
r = A/(Pt) - color(red)(cancel(color(black)(P)))/(color(red)(cancel(color(black)(P)))t)
r = A/(Pt) - 1/t