Let y^2-Py-10 be f(y).
Since y-2 is a factor of f(y), equate y-2 to zero and make y the subject of the formula
y-2=0
y=2
Equate f(y) to zero and substitute for y=2
y^2-Py-10=0
2^2-2P-10=0
4-10-2P=0
-6-2P=0
Make P the subject of the formula
-6-2P=0
-2P=6
P=6/(-2)
P=-3