How do I match these fermentation terms?

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1 Answer
Jun 2, 2018

Here's what I get.

Explanation:

1. The process of fermentation started as a way for cells to deal with loose electrons/hydrogens generated during glycolysis.

2. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm since this is where the enzymes needed to split glucose in half are located.

Glycolysis in cytoplasm
(From sciencemusicvideos)

3. The end result of glycolysis is two pyruvate molecules, two ATP (net), and some loose electrons/hydrogens that are initially picked up by NAD.

4.

Translated into science-speak, NAD is reduced to form NADH.

5.

Three different pathways for dealing with NADH are aerobic cellular respiration, lactic acid fermentation, and ethanol fermentation.

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6. Pyruvic acid can pick up electrons/hydrogen from NADH to form lactic acid.

7. Some cells use enzymes to decarboxylate #"CO"_2# from pyruvic acid to form acetaldehyde, which then picks up electrons/hydrogen from NADH to form ethanol.

biology.hi7.co

8. Some cells have evolved to completely decarboxylate glucose, which forms six #"CO"_2#. With the help of anelectron transport chain (ETC), 36 to 38 ATP are generated.

ATP yield
(From Biology Notes for A level)

9. AS the electrons flow down the ETC in the mitochondria. oxygen picks up the electrons and combines with hydrogen ions to form water.

ETC

10. As long as the blood delivers to the cells oxygen and glucose, they will do aerobic cellular respiration.

11. During intense bursts of energy use, yourskeletal muscle cells may resort to lactic acid fermentation (because of insufficient oxygen delivery).