Calculate the number of atoms in the unit cell.
The unit cell of polonium is a simple cube:
It has a "Po"Po atom at each corner.
But how many "Po"Po atoms are actually inside the cube?
Here's a cutaway diagram of the cube itself.
We see that there is only one-eighth of a Po atom at each corner.
Since there are 8 corners,
"Number of Po atoms" = 8 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("corners"))) × ("⅛ Po atom")/(1 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("corner")))) = "1 Po atom"
Calculate the mass of the unit cell
"Mass of unit cell" = 1 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("atom Po"))) × (1 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("mol Po"))))/(6.022 × 10^23 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("Po atoms")))) × "209 g"/(1 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("mol Po"))))
= 3.471 × 10^"-22" color(white)(l)"g"
Calculate the volume of the unit cell.
The formula for the volume of a cube is V = l^3, where l is the length of an edge of the cube.
V = l^3 = (0.335 × 10^"-9" color(red)(cancel(color(black)("m"))))^3 × ("100 cm"/(1 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("m")))))^3 = 3.760 × 10^"-23"color(white)(l) "cm"^3
Calculate the density of the unit cell
ρ = m/V = (3.471 × 10^"-22" color(white)(l)"g")/(3.760 × 10^"-23" color(white)(l)"cm"^3) = "9.23 g/cm"^3
Since density is an intensive property, this is also the density of the bulk metal.
